Control of distribution network with the integration of dispersed energy storage systems with Multi-Agent system approach: development of first and second levels of control of hierarchical approach

Electric power systems are increasingly facing greater challenges from changing regulations,
evolutions in demand requirements and the incorporation of distributed generation (DG) from
renewable energy sources (RES). These changes have shown a clear incompatibility with traditional
operating control methods due to the lack of controllability at the low voltage (LV) level. For such
problem, the most promising solution seems to be to indirectly control the DG through a set of
energy storage systems (ESSs) owned by the distribution network operators (DNOs) that will be in
charge of the mismatches between generation and demand.
The main objective of this project is to develop the control of distribution networks with the
integration of dispersed energy storage systems with Multi-Agent system approach. More precisely,
a hierarchical approach will be used distinguishing different levels of importance within the ESSs
where the flow of information will be done between the different levels.
Firstly, a brief introduction will be given on the background, the current situation of electric power
systems and the general principle of the algorithm of control. Then, the first layer of control will be
presented, where a preliminary distribution control will be run through Economic Load Dispatch
concept, neglecting so far the losses in transmission lines adapting it to the case of ESSs.
Subsequently, the following layer will be tackled by running the load flow on the different areas. For
such task, special attention will be given to the issue of the influence of the external part of the
system to the load flow of a certain area. Several proposals were studied although only the best
solution, the decomposition method, will be presented. The other approach, Ward Equivalent, is
briefly described in the annex of this report. Finally, some conclusions will be drawn based on the
results obtained as well as the following steps to tackle.