On measuring structural reform
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ndicators of government activity must be carefully designed to be relevant, credible and
accountable. Frustration with reform pressures suggests that measures of policy activity are
not providing accurate information. In fact, indicators of product or labour market regulation
fail to measure structural reform as they focus on cross-country comparisons rather than on
progress with reform over time. I use the novel EU Semester approach recommending EU
Member States to implement reforms and their annual follow-up in the National Reform
Programme to develop some indicators of how reform plans are actually implemented. This
indicator might be useful for checking progress with policy, but also for empirical studies
testing what drives or blocks reform in different policy domains.
