Relationship between the cash conversion cycle and profitability : Evidence from the listed companies in the IBEX 35 (Spanish Stock Exchange)

The research investigates the relationship between the cash conversion cycle, the
elements that compose it (accounts receivables, accounts payables and inventory) and
corporate profitability measured by two metrics: Return on assets and return on equity.
In order to examine this relationship a series of statistical tools such as descriptive
statistics and correlation matrix have been used. The scope of the study involves 26 of
the 35 corporations that are listed in the Spanish Stock Exchange (IBEX 35) from a three
year span (2017 to 2019). Financial data has been obtained from the company’s annual
reports and from official source such as the Bolsa de Mercados y Valores (BME) to
calculate the number of days of sales outstanding, and the number of days of inventory.
The number of days’ accounts payables has been directly taken from the annual reports.
Through the analysis carried out, the study reveals the inverse relationship between
profitability and the cash conversion cycle. The analysis further looks at the different
characteristics of each industry and takes into account how the cash conversion cycle
varies from industry to industry depending on their operations. The study adds on to the
existing literature regarding working capital and profitability by arguing through
empirical evidence that an effective management of working capital is vital for a
company’s success. The results show a significant inversely proportional relationship
between the cash conversion cycle and the corporate profitability metrics analyzed. The
research concludes that since there is in fact an inversely correlated relationship between
the variables studied, and there is room for improvement in terms of working capital
management in Spanish listed companies, these could implement the Chief Risk Officer
figure to further manage working capital in an efficient manner.